Contribution of post-trauma insomnia to depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in women service members: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study
APA Citation:
Carlson, G. C., Sharifian, N., Jacobson, I., LeardMann, C. A., Rull, R. P., Martin, J. L., & for the Millennium Cohort Study Team. (2022). Contribution of post-trauma insomnia to depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in women service members: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study. Sleep, zsac313. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac313
Focus:
Mental health
Branch of Service:
Multiple branches
Military Affiliation:
Active Duty
Guard
Reserve
Veteran
Subject Affiliation:
Active duty service member
Guard/Reserve member
Veteran
Population:
Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)
Methodology:
Longitudinal Study
Quantitative Study
Secondary Analysis
Authors:
Carlson, Gwendolyn C., Sharifian, Neika, Jacobson, Isabel, LeardMann, Cynthia A., Rull, Rudolph P., Martin, Jennifer L., for the Millennium Cohort Study, Team
Abstract:
We examined whether women service members who reported recent combat and/or sexual trauma experiences had greater risk of insomnia compared with women who did not report these recent experiences, and whether insomnia would be associated with greater risk of mental health outcomes.We analyzed 2 waves of survey data (2011-2013, Time 1 [T1] and 2014-2016, Time 2 [T2]) from 26,443 current and former women service members from the Millennium Cohort Study. We assessed recent traumas in the past 3 years, and probable insomnia at T1 and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression at T2. A longitudinal mediation model was used to quantify separate indirect effects of recent traumas on mental health outcomes through probable insomnia.Women, those who had experienced recent sexual assault (odds ratio [OR] = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.24-2.10), sexual harassment (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.41), and combat (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.49) at T1 had greater risk of probable insomnia at T1 compared with women who had not recently experienced these events. Probable insomnia at T1, in turn, was associated with probable depression (OR = 2.66; 95% CI, 2.31-3.06) and PTSD (OR = 2.57; 95% CI, 2.27-2.90) at T2. Recent combat experience did not moderate the associations of recent sexual trauma with insomnia or mental health outcomes.Insomnia contributes to risk of subsequent mental health conditions following trauma. The diagnosis and treatment of post-trauma insomnia should be prioritized to mitigate the development of posttraumatic mental health conditions.
Publication Type:
Article
Keywords:
service members, veterans, combat, trauma, women, insomnia, mental health