The 3T model of military veteran radicalization and extremism: exploring risk factors and protective strategies

  • Atuel, H. R., & Castro, C. A. (2025). The 3T model of military veteran radicalization and extremism: exploring risk factors and protective strategies. Frontiers in Sociology, 10, Article 1500774. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1500774

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1500774

Authors

Atuel, Hazel R.
Castro, Carl A.

Publication Type

Article

Focus Terms

Veterans
Trauma

Branch of Service

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation

Veteran

Subject Affiliation

Veteran

Population

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

Methodology

Multi-Methods Study
Qualitative Study
Case Study

Journal

Frontiers in Sociology

Keywords

3T model
radicalization
extremism
risk factors
protective strategies

URL

https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sociology/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2025.1500774/full

Research summaries convey terminology used by the scientists who authored the original research article; some terminology may not align with the federal government's mandated language for certain constructs.

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