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1 Reimagining America’s professional all-volunteer army

Reimagining America’s professional all-volunteer army

APA Citation:

Dubik, J. M., & Magruder, L. W. (2023). Reimagining America’s professional all-volunteer army. Military Review. https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Journals/Military-Review/English-Edition-Archives/September-October-2023/All-Volunteer-Army/

Focus:

Programming

Branch of Service:

Army

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research and Technical Reports

Authors: Dubik, James M.; Magruder, Lawson W.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Today’s senior civilian and military Army leaders face a challenge, different from but as complex and pressing as the one their post-Vietnam predecessors tackled: What should America’s Army look like? During the Vietnam War, the United States relied on the deeply unpopular draft. By the early 1970s, social, political, economic, technological, and strategic conditions within the United States converged, leading to the conclusion that America needed a professional volunteer force. Both adjectives are important. The force created at the end of the Vietnam War became volunteer, but it took years to evolve into the professional Army that fought the First Gulf War. That Army has served the Nation well. However, conditions have changed significantly since the end of the Cold War and the winding down of America’s post-9/11 wars. Now the Nation is in a multipolar, great-power period, and it is time to reexamine, perhaps even reimagine, the relationship between America’s Army—Active, Guard, and Reserve—and the contextual conditions that shape it. The professional volunteer Army emerged fifty years ago, and since then, contextual conditions have changed; as a result, there are major issues senior leaders face today.

2 Onboarding West Point civilians to the Army profession through the civilian military experience

Onboarding West Point civilians to the Army profession through the civilian military experience

APA Citation:

Konheim-Kalkstein, Y. L., Meybaum, M., Dull, T., Strauchler, O., Dykhuis, E. M., & Arbrogas, M. (2023). Onboarding West Point civilians to the Army profession through the civilian military experience. Journal of Military Learning. https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Journals/Journal-of-Military-Learning/Journal-of-Military-Learning-Archives/JML-October-2023/CivMX/

Focus:

Programming
Other

Branch of Service:

Army

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research

Authors: Konheim-Kalkstein, Yasmine L.; Meybaum, Marc; Dull, Thomas; Strauchler, Orin; Dykhuis, Elise M.; Arbrogas, Matthew

Year: 2023

Abstract

All faculty and staff at the U.S. Military Academy (West Point) support the academy’s mission to educate, train, and inspire cadets to become commissioned leaders of character and are responsible for contributing to the academy’s culture of character growth. Yet, without previous Army experience, civilian faculty and staff often struggle to understand the Army profession and how to contribute to cadets’ professional development. The Civilian Military Experience was developed to provide civilian faculty an immersive military and academic training experience that resembles cadet field training at West Point. This training provided civilian faculty and staff with an intimate interactive experience that led to increased understanding of the demands of cadet life and leadership within the Army profession.

3 Postpartum depression and engagement with VA care among veterans

Postpartum depression and engagement with VA care among veterans

APA Citation:

Kroll-Desrosiers, A., & Mattocks, K. (2024). Postpartum depression and engagement with VA care among veterans. Journal of General Internal Medicine. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-024-08659-0

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-024-08659-0

Focus:

Mental health
Veterans

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research

Authors: Kroll-Desrosiers, Aimee; Mattocks, Kristin

Year: 2024

Abstract

Since 2012, the Veterans Health Administration (VA) has offered the Maternity Care Coordination-Telephone Care Program (MCC-TCP) to pregnant Veterans to bridge community obstetrical care with ongoing VA care. Currently, over 160 Maternity Care Coordinators, primarily comprised of nurses and social workers, serve all VA facilities. Veterans report high satisfaction with the MCC-TCP,1 which historically included one postpartum contact. In October 2023, in response to the Protecting Moms Who Served Act (P.L. 117-69), the VA expanded the MCC-TCP by increasing the number of postpartum contacts from one to five in the first year following delivery. This expansion will augment care for postpartum Veterans, a vulnerable period given the risk for the development of postpartum depression (PPD). Past studies have shown that nearly 1/3 of Veterans exhibited depression symptoms during pregnancy2 and a quarter of Veterans are diagnosed with PPD.3 However, PPD and rates of postpartum engagement with VA mental healthcare have not been previously examined.

4 The 2023 Families Roundtable: Exploring the intensified risks and evolving challenges among military, veteran, and public safety families

The 2023 Families Roundtable: Exploring the intensified risks and evolving challenges among military, veteran, and public safety families

APA Citation:

Campbell, M. (2024). The 2023 Families Roundtable: Exploring the intensified risks and evolving challenges among military, Veteran, and public safety families. Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health, 10(2), 4-6. https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh.10.2.003

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh.10.2.003

Focus:

Other

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches
International Military

Military Affiliation:

Veteran
Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research

Authors: Campbell, Margaret

Year: 2024

Abstract

The Families Roundtable has emerged as a vital point of community engagement with military, Veteran, and public safety (MVP) families, as well as those who study, serve, and support them. Specifically, the Families Roundtable provides a space for participants to explore evolving challenges, identify strategies for connection and support, and capture emerging priorities for MVP families both in Canada and internationally. For several years, through the leadership of Nora Spinks, Col. (retd) Russ Mann, and the Vanier Institute of the Family, there has been an opportunity at the Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health Research (CIMVHR) Forum to bring together and engage MVP families and those in related fields. In October 2023 in Gatineau, Québec, the Families Matter Research Group co-hosted the Families Roundtable with CIMVHR at the 13th annual forum. This event sought to “pulse check” the issues most relevant to MVP families to inform the direction of research, programming, and policy.

5 Veterans-by-proxy: A conceptual framework of ambiguous loss among children of combat veterans

Veterans-by-proxy: A conceptual framework of ambiguous loss among children of combat veterans

APA Citation:

Kelly, D., & Paul, M. (2018). Veterans-by-proxy: A conceptual framework of ambiguous loss among children of combat veterans. Journal of Family Social Work, 21 (4/5), 255-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/10522158.2017.1321605

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/10522158.2017.1321605

Focus:

Mental health

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Childhood (birth - 12 yrs)
Adolescence (13 - 17 yrs)
Adulthood (18 yrs & older)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Kelly, Diann; Paul, Marilyn

Year: 2018

Abstract

There are tens of millions of children (youth and adult) of parents who are veterans. These individuals can experience traumatic injury alongside the parent who is a combat veteran. It is a parallel process called “veterans-by-proxy.” A proxy is an individual that acts on behalf of another individual. The proxy witnesses how combat traumatizes their parent and vicariously experience the trauma themselves. When a proxy suffers secondary trauma, ambiguous loss, and insecure attachment, one or more ego functions fail to adequately develop. This article proposes a conceptual framework of the proxy’s loss as it relates to the parent’s trauma and discusses research-based resiliency-focused interventions critical to healing the relationship between the proxy and the parent who is a combat veteran.

6 Professionals' perspectives on relevant approaches to psychological care in moral injury: A qualitative study

Professionals' perspectives on relevant approaches to psychological care in moral injury: A qualitative study

APA Citation:

Serfioti, D., Murphy, D., Greenberg, N., & Williamson, V. (2023). Professionals’ perspectives on relevant approaches to psychological care in moral injury: A qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79(10), 2404-2421. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23556

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23556

Focus:

Programming
Mental health
Trauma
Veterans

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Serfioti, Danai; Murphy, Dominic; Greenberg, Neil; Williamson, Victoria

Year: 2023

Abstract

Objectives: Despite the increasing consensus that moral injury (MI) is a unique type of psychological stressor, there is an ongoing debate about best practices for psychological care. This qualitative study explored the perceptions of UK and US professionals in the field of MI investigating advances and challenges in treatment or support delivery and issues relating to treatment/support feasibility and acceptability. Methods: 15 professionals were recruited. Semi-structured, telephone/online interviews were carried out, and transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Two interconnected themes emerged: perceived barriers to appropriate care for MI cases and recommendations for providing effective care to MI patients. Professionals highlighted the challenges that occur due to the lack of empirical experience with MI, the negligence of patients' unique individual needs and the inflexibility in existing manualised treatments. Conclusions: These findings illustrate the need to evaluate the effectiveness of current approaches and explore alternative pathways, which will effectively support MI patients in the long-term. Key recommendations include the use of therapeutic techniques which lead to a personalised and flexible support plan to meet patients' needs, increase self-compassion and encourage patients to reconnect with their social networks. Interdisciplinary collaborations (e.g., religious/spiritual figures), could be a valuable addition following patients' agreement.

7 Marriage and family therapists’ exposure to trauma, access to support, and intention to leave: It takes a village

Marriage and family therapists’ exposure to trauma, access to support, and intention to leave: It takes a village

APA Citation:

Armes, S. E., Seponski, D. M., Bride, B. E., & Bryant, C. M. (2024). Marriage and family therapists’ exposure to trauma, access to support, and intention to leave: It takes a village. International Journal of Systemic Therapy, 35(2), 178-197. https://doi.org/10.1080/2692398X.2023.2223119

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/2692398X.2023.2223119

Focus:

Mental health
Other

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Armes, Stephanie E.; Seponski, Desiree M.; Bride, Brian E.; Bryant, Chalandra M.

Year: 2024

Abstract

Secondary traumatic stress (STS), or experiencing trauma through exposure to clients’ traumatic stories, occurs across helping professions. No studies have focused solely on STS in Marriage and Family Therapists (MFTs). In a sample of MFTs (N = 201), this study hypothesized that exposure to trauma through therapeutic work would be associated with STS and MFTs’ intentions to leave their job. Findings indicated trauma exposure was positively associated with STS (β = .33, p < .001) and intention to leave (β = .18, p < .001). STS partially mediated the association between MFTs’ exposure to trauma in their work and intention to leave (β = .06, p < .05). Compassion satisfaction (β = −.49, p < .001) and organizational commitment to resilience building (β = −.26, p < .001) were negatively associated with intention to leave. The final model accounted for 58% of the variance in intention to leave. Prevention implications are discussed.

8 Making sense of changes in military partners’ post-deployment adjustment concern: Turning points, trajectories, and accounts

Making sense of changes in military partners’ post-deployment adjustment concern: Turning points, trajectories, and accounts

APA Citation:

Dorrance-Hall, E., Gettings, P., Wilson, S. R., Hintz, E., & Vidal, A. (2023). Making sense of changes in military partners’ post-deployment adjustment concern: Turning points, trajectories, and accounts. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 40(11), 3679-3702. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075231187700

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075231187700

Focus:

Deployment
Couples

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty
Reserve
Guard

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Dorrance-Hall, Elizabeth; Gettings, Patricia; Wilson, Steven R.; Hintz, Elizabeth; Vidal, Ana

Year: 2023

Abstract

Reintegration after a military service member returns home from deployment is a time of uncertainty that requires adjustment by all family members. Building on accounts (i.e., story-like constructions that help make sense of stressful events) scholarship, this study documents (a) turning points and (b) patterns in partners’ levels of concern about post-deployment adjustment and investigates (c) how romantic partners account for why changes in adjustment concern occurred. Findings from interviews with 26 military partners reveal that accounts (a) involve multifaceted explanations spanning many domains of life, (b) explain why certain TPs increased and/or decreased concern, and (c) engage the meaning of time in varied ways. The importance of integrating an account-making framework with the TP methodology, theoretical implications for relational turbulence theory, and practical suggestions are discussed.

9 An online acceptance and mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in veterans: Development and protocol for a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial

An online acceptance and mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in veterans: Development and protocol for a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial

APA Citation:

Reilly, E. D., Kathawalla, U.-K., Robins, H. E., Heapy, A. A., Hogan, T. P., Waring, M. E., Quigley, K. S., Drebing, C. E., Bickmore, T., Volonte, M., & Kelly, M. M. (2023). An online acceptance and mindfulness intervention for chronic pain in veterans: Development and protocol for a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 12(1), Article e45887. https://doi.org/10.2196/45887

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2196/45887

Focus:

Physical health
Mental health
Veterans
Programming

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research

Authors: Reilly, Erin D.; Kathawalla, Ummul-Kiram; Robins, Hannah E.; Heapy, Alicia A.; Hogan, Timothy P.; Waring, Molly E.; Quigley, Karen S.; Drebing, Charles E.; Bickmore, Timothy; Volonte, Matias; Kelly, Megan M.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Background: In the veteran community, chronic pain is particularly prevalent and often debilitating. Until recently, veterans with chronic pain were offered primarily pharmacological intervention options, which rarely suffice and can also have negative health consequences. To better address chronic pain in veterans, the Veterans Health Administration has invested in novel, nonpharmacological behavior interventions that target both pain management and chronic pain–related functional issues. One approach, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain, is supported by decades of efficacy evidence for improving pain outcomes; however, ACT can be difficult to obtain owing to issues such as a lack of trained therapists or veterans having difficulty committing to the time and resources needed for the full clinician-led ACT protocol. Given the strong ACT evidence base combined with access limitations, we set out to develop and evaluate Veteran ACT for Chronic Pain (VACT-CP), an online program guided by an embodied conversational agent to improve pain management and functioning. Objective: The aims of this study are to develop, iteratively refine, and then conduct a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a VACT-CP group (n=20) versus a waitlist and treatment-as-usual control group (n=20). Methods: This research project includes 3 phases. In phase 1, our research team consulted with pain and virtual care experts, developed the preliminary VACT-CP online program, and conducted interviews with providers to obtain their feedback on the intervention. In phase 2, we incorporated feedback from phase 1 into the VACT-CP program and completed initial usability testing with veterans with chronic pain. In phase 3, we are conducting a small pilot feasibility RCT, with the primary outcome being assessment of usability of the VACT-CP system. Results: This study is currently in phase 3; recruitment for the RCT began in April 2022 and is expected to continue through April 2023. Data collection is expected to be completed by October 2023, with full data analysis completed by late 2023. Conclusions: The findings from this research project will provide information on the usability of the VACT-CP intervention, as well as secondary outcomes related to treatment satisfaction, pain outcomes (pain-related daily functioning and pain severity), ACT processes (pain acceptance, behavioral avoidance, and valued living), and mental and physical functioning. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03655132; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03655132

10 Service dogs for veterans and military members with posttraumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized controlled trial

Service dogs for veterans and military members with posttraumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized controlled trial

APA Citation:

Leighton, S. C., Rodriguez, K. E., Jensen, C. L., MacLean, E. L., Davis, L. W., Ashbeck, E. L., Bedrick, E. J., & O’Haire, M. E. (2024). Service dogs for veterans and military members with posttraumatic stress disorder: A nonrandomized controlled trial. JAMA Network Open, 7(6) Article e2414686. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14686

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14686

Focus:

Mental health
Programming

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research

Authors: Leighton, Sarah C.; Rodriguez, Kerri E.; Jensen, Clare L.; MacLean, Evan L.; Davis, Louanne W.; Ashbeck, Erin L.; Bedrick, Edward J.; O’Haire, Marguerite E.

Year: 2024

Abstract

Military members and veterans (hereafter, veterans) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increasingly seek psychiatric service dogs as a complementary intervention, yet the effectiveness of service dogs is understudied.To estimate the associations between psychiatric service dog partnership and self-reported and clinician-rated PTSD symptom severity, depression, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning after 3 months of intervention among veterans.This nonrandomized controlled trial used standardized and validated assessment instruments completed by participants and administered by blinded clinicians. Recruitment, eligibility screening, and enrollment were conducted between August 2017 and December 2019. Veterans were recruited using the database of an accredited nonprofit service dog organization with constituents throughout the US. Participants were veterans with a PTSD diagnosis; they were allocated to either the intervention group (n = 81) or control group (n = 75). Outcome assessments were performed at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up. Data analyses were completed in October 2023.Participants allocated to the intervention group received a psychiatric service dog for PTSD, whereas those allocated to the control group remained on the waiting list based on the date of application submitted to the service dog organization. Both groups had unrestricted access to usual care.The primary outcomes were PTSD symptom severity, depression, and anxiety after 3 months, and the secondary outcomes were psychosocial functioning, such as quality of life and social health. The self-reported PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) was used to measure symptom severity, and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) was used to assess PTSD diagnosis (score range for both instruments: 0-80, with higher scores indicating greater PTSD symptoms).The 156 participants included in the trial had a mean (SD) age of 37.6 (8.3) years and included 117 males (75%), 17 Black or African American individuals (11%), 30 Hispanic individuals (19%), and 117 White individuals (76%). Compared with the control group, the intervention group had significantly lower PTSD symptom severity based on the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 mean (SD) score (41.9 [16.9] vs 51.7 [16.1]; difference in means, −11.5 [95% CI, −16.2 to −6.6]; P < .001) and the CAPS-5 mean (SD) score (30.2 [10.2] vs 36.9 [10.2]; difference in means, −7.0 [95% CI, −10.8 to −4.5]; P < .001) at 3 months. The intervention group also had significantly lower depression scores (odds ratio [OR], 0.45 [95% CI, 0.23-0.86]; difference in means, −3.3 [95% CI, −6.8 to −0.6]), anxiety (OR, 0.25 [95% CI, 0.13-0.50]; difference in means, −4.4 [95% CI, −6.9 to −2.1]), and most areas of psychosocial functioning (eg, social isolation: OR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.18-0.64]).This nonrandomized controlled trial found that compared with usual care alone, partnership with a trained psychiatric service dog was associated with lower PTSD symptom severity and higher psychosocial functioning in veterans. Psychiatric service dogs may be an effective complementary intervention for military service–related PTSD.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03245814

11 Community capacity building: Mobilizing community supports to facilitate the integration of military families

Community capacity building: Mobilizing community supports to facilitate the integration of military families

APA Citation:

Hanson, E., Vandenberg, C., Short, K., Sjolseth, S., O’Neal, C. W., & Lucier-Greer, M. (2023). Community capacity building: Mobilizing community supports to facilitate the integration of military families. Auburn, AL: Military REACH

Focus:

Children
Youth
Parents
Couples

Branch of Service:

Army
Navy
Air Force
Coast Guard
Marine Corps
Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty
Guard
Reserve

Population:

Childhood (birth - 12 yrs)
Preschool age (2 -5 yrs)
School age (6 - 12 yrs)
Adolescence (13 - 17 yrs)
Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research Report

Authors: Hanson, Emily; Vandenberg, Carlynn; Short, Kaylee; Sjolseth, Sheila; O'Neal, Catherine W.; Lucier-Greer, Mallory

Year: 2023

12 Upstream suicide prevention in the U.S. Army: Noncommissioned officers’ perspectives

Upstream suicide prevention in the U.S. Army: Noncommissioned officers’ perspectives

APA Citation:

Ayer, L., Holliday, S., Beckman, R., Jaycox, L. H., Elinoff, D., Ramchand, R., Agniel, D., Hoch, E., & Wagner, L. (2023). Upstream suicide prevention in the U.S. Army: Noncommissioned officers’ perspectives. Psychological Services. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000788

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000788

Focus:

Mental health
Other

Branch of Service:

Army

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty
Guard
Reserve

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Ayer, Lynsay; Holliday, Stephanie; Beckman, Robin; Jaycox, Lisa H.; Elinoff, Daniel; Ramchand, Rajeev; Agniel, Denis; Hoch, Emily; Wagner, Lisa

Year: 2023

Abstract

The goal of this study was to examine the factors associated with Army noncommissioned officer (NCO) experiences, attitudes, and behaviors in their role of identifying potential suicide risk factors in their fellow soldiers. To better understand the perspectives of NCOs, an anonymous survey was administered to 2,468 Army NCOs. Descriptive statistics and linear regressions were conducted to compare subgroups of NCOs. Most (71%) Army NCOs have received many (11 or more) hours of suicide prevention training, but training in soft skills that may be important for the gatekeeper role was less consistently reported. Active Component soldiers reported greater confidence in their intervention skills (Cohen’s d = 0.25) and fewer logistical barriers (e.g., time and space to talk) to intervening with at-risk soldiers (Cohen’s d = 0.80) compared to Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Formal coursework in mental health areas like psychology or chaplaincy was associated with a greater level of confidence in intervention skills (Cohen’s d = 0.23) and in more frequent intervention behavior (Cohen’s d = 0.13). Army NCO trainings should be modified to better equip soldiers with the soft skills (e.g., active listening skills and verbally and nonverbally conveying nonjudgment/acceptance and empathy) needed to have effective conversations with soldiers about suicide risk factors and other sensitive topics. Strategies used within mental health education, which appears to be a strength for NCO gatekeepers, could be used to achieve this goal. Reserve and Guard NCOs may need additional supports and tailored trainings to better fit their operational context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

13 Barriers to and facilitators of military spouses’ recovery from perinatal mental health disorders: A qualitative study

Barriers to and facilitators of military spouses’ recovery from perinatal mental health disorders: A qualitative study

APA Citation:

Nguyen, M. H., Semino-Asaro, S., Reminick, A. M., Rukaj, A. T., & Connelly, C. D. (2023). Barriers to and facilitators of military spouses’ recovery from perinatal mental health disorders: A qualitative study. Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health, 9(4), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0067

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3138/jmvfh-2022-0067

Focus:

Mental health
Parents
Other

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Nguyen, My Hanh; Semino-Asaro, Semira; Reminick, Alison M.; Rukaj, Amber T.; Connelly, Cynthia D.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Perinatal mental health disorders (PMHDs) are a common complication of child-bearing that affect about one in seven mothers in the United States. Military life often involves recurring separations from family as a result of deployments. Although much research has focused on how PMHDs affect military families, little is known about military spouses’ experiences in recovering from PMHDs. This qualitative study centred on barriers to and facilitators of PMHD recovery among U.S. female military spouses. Semi-structured focus groups revealed five main barriers (stigma, impacts on servicemember’s career, lack of support, accessibility, practical and logistical concerns) and three main facilitators (solid support structure, encouragement to seek help, practical and logistical facilitators). Identifying specific barriers to and facilitators of PMHD recovery among military spouses promotes military family psychological health and wellness.

14 A pilot of couple HOPES within the U.S. Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: PTSD and relationship outcomes in veteran couples

A pilot of couple HOPES within the U.S. Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: PTSD and relationship outcomes in veteran couples

APA Citation:

Morland, L. A., Wachsman, T., Webster, K., Fitzpatrick, S., Valela, R., Crenshaw, A. O., Monson, C. M., & Knopp, K. C. (2023). A pilot of couple HOPES within the U.S. Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: PTSD and relationship outcomes in veteran couples. Psychological Services. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000773

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000773

Focus:

Veterans
Programming
Mental health
Couples

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Morland, Leslie A.; Wachsman, Tamara; Webster, Katelyn; Fitzpatrick, Skye; Valela, Robert; Crenshaw, Alexander O.; Monson, Candice M.; Knopp, Kayla C.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Conjoint interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) offer an opportunity to target symptoms’ broader social impact, including couples’ relationship satisfaction. Technology-assisted interventions may help overcome access to care barriers for couples. Couple Helping Overcome PTSD and Enhance Satisfaction (HOPES) is a coached internet-based couples’ intervention for PTSD adapted from cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy, an evidence-based dyadic therapy for PTSD. This pilot study examined the implementation feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Couple HOPES in a sample of 15 United States veterans with PTSD and their romantic partners within a Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center setting. There were significant improvements in veterans’ PTSD symptoms (self- and partner-reported) and both veterans’ and partners’ relationship satisfaction, though the effect sizes were small (all g’s < .40). Importantly, the 73% retention rate and participant feedback at postassessment suggest this online adaptation may help couples overcome barriers to accessing care. More broadly, this pilot study helps answer questions regarding where digital health interventions fit into the continuum of PTSD care within the VA system. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

15 Welcome to the U.S. Army: A qualitative examination of the Army’s reception of new soldiers

Welcome to the U.S. Army: A qualitative examination of the Army’s reception of new soldiers

APA Citation:

Kintzle, S., Schnyder, L. P., Alday, E., Gonzalez, L. A., Barak, M. M., & Castro, C. A. (2023). Welcome to the U.S. Army: A qualitative examination of the Army’s reception of new soldiers. Armed Forces & Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X231170837

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X231170837

Focus:

Other

Branch of Service:

Army

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Kintzle, Sara; Schnyder, Leslie P.; Alday, Eva; Gonzalez, Lindsey Alas; Barak, Michàlle Mor; Castro, Carl A.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Joining the Army, a new installation or a new unit are times of significant stress for Soldiers. Support provided during these transitions can affect unit cohesion, Soldier well-being, retention, and mission readiness. This research aimed to explore how Soldiers experience the Army onboarding process as well as perceptions of the welcome experience. Nineteen focus groups were conducted with 120 Soldiers using a semistructured interview protocol. Thematic analysis of focus group transcripts revealed two major themes, varied welcome experience and an inconsistent Total Army Sponsorship Program. Soldiers reported varied transition experiences ranging from positive, neutral, nonexistent, to negative. Results indicate that Soldiers welcome experience was dependent on the specific installation, leaders, and unit. Findings demonstrate that at the installation and unit level, the Army currently lacks standardized processes for onboarding new service members. We note the research limitations and offer several recommendations that can be drawn from the present findings.

16 Feasibility and acceptability of a virtually delivered mindfulness-based intervention for post-9/11 veterans

Feasibility and acceptability of a virtually delivered mindfulness-based intervention for post-9/11 veterans

APA Citation:

Shue, S. A., Do, A., & Brosmer, J. (2023). Feasibility and acceptability of a virtually delivered mindfulness-based intervention for post-9/11 veterans. Military Behavioral Health, 11(3), 146-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2023.2221469

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2023.2221469

Focus:

Programming
Mental health
Veterans

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches
Air Force
Army
Marine Corps
Navy

Military Affiliation:

Veteran

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Shue, Sarah A.; Do, Annie; Brosmer, Jayme

Year: 2023

Abstract

This pilot study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual mindfulness-based intervention known as RECLAIM (Reconnecting to Civilian Life using Activities that Improve Mindfulness). RECLAIM is a multi-component intervention that is aimed at post-9/11 veterans to strengthen skillsets (e.g., goal setting, energy management) and protective factors (e.g., sense of purpose, social connection) that can mitigate challenges associated with the reintegration process. Feasibility and acceptability outcomes were study enrollment and intervention completion rates. Participants also completed outcome assessments at baseline and postintervention to facilitate a preliminary exploration of the impact of RECLAM participation on several outcomes of interest (e.g., psychosocial functioning, facets of mindfulness). We also conducted qualitative interviews with participants to elicit additional information about feasibility, acceptability, and the outcomes of interest. Eighteen of the thirty-five (51%) eligible participants contacted by phone enrolled. Sixty-one percent (n = 11) completed the intervention (

17 Use of food distribution resources among military families with young children since the COVID-19 pandemic

Use of food distribution resources among military families with young children since the COVID-19 pandemic

APA Citation:

O’Neal, C. W., Lucier-Greer, M., Lewis, C., & Farnsworth, M. (2023). Use of food distribution resources among military families with young children since the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health Nutrition, 26(10), 1968-1975. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980023001738

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980023001738

Focus:

Physical health
Programming
Parents
Couples
Children

Branch of Service:

Army
Air Force
Multiple branches

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: O’Neal, Catherine W.; Lucier-Greer, Mallory; Lewis, Crystal; Farnsworth, Meredith

Year: 2023

Abstract

Objective:The present study examined military families’ use of food distribution resources and military (e.g., rank) and non-military (e.g., race/ethnicity) characteristics associated with using food distribution resources.Design:Secondary data analyses from a cross-sectional survey in the first six months of 2021.Setting:A national sample of eligible families completed an online survey.Participants:8,326 enlisted military families with an active duty service member in the Army or Air Force who applied for supplemental childcare funding distributed by National Military Family Association.Results:13.2% of the families reported utilizing a food distribution resource in the past 12 months. Those with lower financial well-being were more likely to utilize such resources. Older (OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.02, 1.05, p<.001), single-earner (OR=.73, 95% CI=.61, .89, p=.001) families with a lower rank (OR=.69, 95% CI=.64, .75, p<.001) and Army affiliation (compared to Air Force) (OR=2.31, 95% CI=2.01, 2.67, p < .001) were more likely to utilize food distribution resources. Members of certain racial/ethnic minority groups were more likely to utilize food distribution resources than White respondents (OR from 1.47 for Multi-racial to 1.69 for Asians), as were families with more dependent children (OR=1.35, 95% CI=1.25, 1.47, p<.001).Conclusions:These results identify the extent of food distribution resource utilization in military families with young children approximately one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. The results also identify characteristics associated with their use of food distribution resources. Findings are discussed with an emphasis on prevention and intervention implications for military families.

18 Resources and support for sexual assault survivors receiving services from the U.S. Air Force: What survivors say they need for recovery

Resources and support for sexual assault survivors receiving services from the U.S. Air Force: What survivors say they need for recovery

APA Citation:

Spencer, C. M., King, E. L., Foster, R. E., Vennum, A., & Stith, S. M. (2023). Resources and support for sexual assault survivors receiving services from the U.S. Air Force: What survivors say they need for recovery. Violence and Victims, 38(3), 414–434. https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2021-0132

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1891/VV-2021-0132

Focus:

Mental health
Trauma
Physical health

Branch of Service:

Air Force

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty
Reserve

Population:

Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Spencer, Chelsea M.; King, Erika L.; Foster, Rachel E.; Vennum, Amber; Stith, Sandra M.

Year: 2023

Abstract

Sexual assault (SA) is a serious challenge faced by the U.S. military. Participants in this study included men and women who volunteered in response to a call for survivors of SA. Participants included active duty and reserve U.S. Air Force (USAF) members, spouses of service members, or civilian employees for the USAF (beneficiaries). The primary research question was, “if you could design the perfect response system to support survivors, what would be included in this system?” The research team conducted in-depth interviews with nine survivors. Next, 82 survivors completed a survey agreeing or disagreeing with strategies identified by interview participants to improve services for survivors and offered additional suggestions. Analysis revealed survivor recommendations to improve SA services.

19 The impact of changes in family communication on sustained mental health symptom improvement in parents/caregivers following a military family intervention

The impact of changes in family communication on sustained mental health symptom improvement in parents/caregivers following a military family intervention

APA Citation:

Wasserman, M., Dodge, J., Barrera, W., Alaris, H., Woodward, K., & Lester, P. (2023). The impact of changes in family communication on sustained mental health symptom improvement in parents/caregivers following a military family intervention. Military Behavioral Health, 11(3), 176-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2023.2221473

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/21635781.2023.2221473

Focus:

Mental health
Parents
Programming

Branch of Service:

Multiple branches
Navy

Military Affiliation:

Active Duty

Population:

Preschool age (2 -5 yrs)
Adolescence (13 - 17 yrs)
Adulthood (18 yrs & older)
Young adulthood (18 - 29 yrs)
Thirties (30 - 39 yrs)
Middle age (40 - 64 yrs)

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Research & Summary

Authors: Wasserman, Melissa; Dodge, Jessica; Barrera, Wendy; Alaris, Hilary; Woodward, Kristen; Lester, Patricia

Year: 2023

Abstract

A key mechanism of resilience, family communication, is examined in relationship to sustained improvement in parent/caregiver mental health. Service delivery data was utilized from parents/caregivers who participated in Families OverComing Under Stress. Data were analyzed for parents/caregivers indicating clinically meaningful symptoms of depression or anxiety at baseline and who completed measures of family communication each session and follow-up. Results found that family communication improvement from Baseline-Exit was significantly associated with sustained improvement in anxiety (p = .0223) and depression (p = .0349). Improvements in family communication may be critical in sustaining mental health symptom improvement among parents/caregivers.

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Library (19)

Date Range

Military REACH Publications

Focus Terms

Military Branch of Service

Sample Affiliation

Age Group

Military Affiliation

Publication Type